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Asia Alone: The Dangerous Post-Crisis Divide from America Author: Simon S.C. Tay Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
OVER the past three years, we have seen a shocking decline in Western supremacy. The 2008 financial crisis brought about the collapse of Lehman Brothers, once a symbol of Wall Street arrogance. The eurozone is having trouble raising funds due to a lack of confidence in its stability. America is having trouble convincing its own people that they are able to rebound from this decline, let alone the rest of the world. Lest we forget, many Western powers are still involved in the war in Afghanistan that looks no closer to an end than in 2001.
It seems that there has been a shift in the global balance of power towards the east, with countries like China and India fast gaining influence in political and, more importantly, economical issues worldwide. However, despite bringing wealth and success to parts of the world that have long been neglected by the West in the past (Africa, South America and Asean for instance), their rise has brought about a new problem it could lead to a siege mentality, a method of thought motivated similarly by the ridiculous “with us or against us” phrase coined by George Bush during the War on Terror.
In fact, it is not difficult to see how Asian countries might come to such a conclusion. In Simon S.C. Tay's latest book, Asia Alone: The Dangerous Post-Crisis Divide from America, he argues that some of America's policies just before and immediately after September 11 have served to alienate many countries in the East, who now look to China and India for inspiration and growth instead of their long-time partner.
In addition to the negligence of America, Tay also states a growing togetherness among Asian countries (notably the Asean countries) in the final decade of the 20th century chiefly to create more opportunities and to combat Western arrogance and economic control. For instance, Dr Mahathir Mohamad is often remembered for his controversial policies, good and bad, the effects of which are still felt in Malaysia today.
However, at times, it is easy to forget that he often waged a one-man war against Western post-imperialism first by insisting on using Japan as a model of economic growth, and more importantly, by learning to say no to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) bailout plan in 1998.
The destruction of Indonesian and Thai societies brought about by their acceptance of the IMF bailout, and Malaysia's subsequent recovery proved that the Western way is not always the best, and that Asian countries do indeed have other options available to them economically.
Another theme of Tay's book is American arrogance he states many examples, from the bombing of the Chinese embassy in Kosovo to bloodshed in the Middle East and Afghanistan.
However, perhaps the two symbols of American arrogance most relevant to this book take place, once again, in South-East Asia.
Al Gore's snub of Malaysian hospitality in Kuala Lumpur during Anwar's imprisonment and the “sight of IMF president Michael Camdessus, standing imperiously, arms folded, while President Suharto of Indonesia bowed and signed papers to accept IMF terms” goes to show further how America believed that, politically and economically, their methods were the best.
The once popular notion of the United States being the champions of the free world was beginning to erode to be replaced by the image of that of a bully, preying on the weak. It seemed for a moment that, during the Asian Financial Crisis and the war in Iraq, Asia burned and the one country with the capability to help decided to turn a blind eye.
Numerous books have been written on the rise of China and India as superpowers, so I will not dwell on it here. What can be said is that their rise has added more belief that Asia is able to go alone. Many barriers still exist to cooperation, not least socially, as many Asian countries still hold historical grudges.
Yet, the feeling is that somehow, we are more dependent on one another than ever before. It would be wise to thread carefully though. Despite bringing about a wealth of opportunities for the East, those who champion China's cause as the new global superpower should note alarmingly that, in the past, all competition between rising powers and the undisputed leaders at the time have led to armed conflict. In reality, China's ascent to superpower status is still highly dependent on American decline than it is on its own growth.
In November 2009, a little over a year after the fall of Lehman Brothers, President Obama visited Japan. In addition to calling himself America's first Pacific President', this time it was the President of the United States who bowed in respect to an Asian leader. If America indeed lost Asia over the last decade, it has signalled its intentions to regain its trust. The question is whether or not it is a trust worth having.
US President Barack Obama is pictured during an event to prevent bullying in the East Room of the White House in Washington, March 10, 2011. [Photo/Agencies]
WASHINGTON - President Barack Obama smiled when he said his large ears and funny name once made him a target of school-yard harassment. But he was all seriousness Thursday when he told a White House conference on bullying that torment and intimidation must not be tolerated.
School bullying is not a rite of passage for youth, Obama said on Thursday as part of an initiative to change the way Americans perceive the dangerous behavior.
President Obama shared his own experience with bullying as a child.
"I have to say, with big ears and the name that I have, I wasn't immune," he said to laughter. "I didn't emerge unscathed."
Obama and first lady Michelle Obama addressed school administrators, teachers and parents at a White House conference on bullying prevention, where they launched the website stopbullying.gov.
Speaking as a parent and as a victim, Obama urged everyone to help end bullying by working to create an atmosphere at school where children feel safe and feel like they belong.
"If there's one goal of this conference, it's to dispel the myth that bullying is just a harmless rite of passage or an inevitable part of growing up," Obama said. "Bullying can have destructive consequences for our young people."
"As parents, it breaks our hearts to think that any child feels afraid every day in the classroom, or on the playground, or even online," Michelle Obama said.
The conference highlighted public-private partnerships to address bullying, including initiatives by Facebook and the MTV music channel.
Some 13 million students, about a third of all those attending school, are bullied every year, the White House said. Experts say that puts them at greater risk of falling behind in their studies, abusing drugs or alcohol, or suffering mental or other health problems. Kids who are seen as different because of their race, clothes, disability or sexual orientation are more likely to be bullied.
US President Barack Obama and first lady Michelle Obama thank participants in an event on prevent bullying in the East Room of the White House in Washington, March 10, 2011.[Photo/Agencies]
US President Barack Obama speaks at the Conference on Bullying Prevention as first lady Michelle Obama listens in the East Room at the White House in Washington, March 10, 2011. [Photo/Agencies]
Dr Mohamed Awang Lah is known to be very passionate about the the world of the Internet as nearly three decades ago he was the man who pioneered Internet service in the country.
Over the last few years he has been vocal about the need for an open access network. He feels Malaysia needs an independent network for all companies to use.
He has left Jaring, a company he was instrumental in building recently, but Jaring over the years has had its own challenges.
He may return to the corporate world, but “not at the moment.'' For now he likes his “free and easy'' life which allows him to unwind and watch “dramas unfold'' on the screens.
Succeeding him at Jaring is Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Yaacob, who is no newcomer to the industry.
Maxis Bhd will also see its strong woman - not physically but in terms of financial numbers - Rossana Rashid, leaving as her contract expires in May. She has been there for eight years and succeeding her is Nasution Mohamed, the former CEO/MD of Penerbangan Malaysia Bhd.
Changes are inevitable in the sector that continues to evolve at a fast pace. There is always a need for talent as people in the sector are often enticed to join rivals.
Changes are also happening at the industry's regulator. Some senior directors have retired and some others have been promoted. A reorganisation is said to be in the works to better align people to their jobs, and hiring to fill the gaps of those who have left and to meet demand as portfolios of some grow bigger.
Talking about leaving, late last year, even the most senior man - not in age - was said to have thrown in his letter. The reasons were not known but then some parties managed to talk him into staying.
Of late, the buzz is that Datuk Mohamed Sharil is back at the commission three days a week and would still remain advisor to the Minister two days a week. However, if you look at the organisational chart posted on the regulator's website, he still is the advisor and this has got the industry asking if he is back as COO.
The organisation chart dates back to December 6 and some of the senior directors who retired still have their smiling pictures on the chart.
That aside, talent management is a huge task but if someone has the expertise, foresight, and can execute, then he should be put to the test.
What and how the talent is managed at MCMC, it is up to them but the industry would like “some certainty and direction'' as they feel that “there is a growing period of regulatory unpredictability.''
This may have arisen as much of the focus last year was to get the broadband penetration levels to reach 50%.
That was achieved and “Syabas” to all those who contributed and pushed it through but in the process a lot of other things were apparently overlooked.
There is also lack of engagement between the players and the regulator and the regulator's role as facilitator is also diminishing.
The industry also wants answers, and fast answers like how long the 2.6G evaluation process will take, how and when the USP issue will be addressed, what is the status of the spectrum re-farming process, how the 700Mhz will be distributed and many others.
They also need clarity over the “digital lifestyle concept,'' as the last thing they want is “priorities gone wrong which leads to sheer wastefulness.''
So, basically what's next? An industry as robust as the telecoms cannot afford to take a break just because decisions are slow to come by, delivery is not timely, execution is not well planned and thought through, and evaluations take forever.
Bear in mind that the Prime Minister has said umpteen times that Malaysia needs to transform into a digital economy as ICT is central to economic growth, so things should be done at super-fast speed.
And some companies need to plan, predict, invest and guide as their investors are not just local but global funds.
Whatever the uncertainly, it does not bode well if we want to attract investors, and again, if I were to take Singapore as an example, some people will shriek.
But a player did point out that “if you compare what IDA is doing versus us, there is a huge difference.''
So do we blame others if they say “we are back at the crossroads?'' Maybe we need to reshape and refine.
B.K. Sidhu is deputy news editor and finds Donkey' really comical in the Shrek series.
AFFORDABLE housing is a subject matter which a great many homebuyers are talking about. Often, friends will comment how crazy the housing market has become.
Those who own one house, which is their primary residence, might feel the pinch when it's time to upgrade. Those who own more are probably enjoying the growth in equity.
For those who do not own a home and just starting their careers or a family, it's a nightmare for them. When salaries have not kept pace with the appreciation in home prices, the dream of owning a home becomes more distant by the day.
Knowing that is a growing problem, the Government on Tuesday launched My First Home Scheme, a programme that will enable people earning less than RM3,000 a month to get 100% financing from banks to buy houses costing between RM100,000 and RM220,000 to be repaid over a period of 30 years.
The monthly repayment sum should not exceed a third of their gross salaries but can go up to 50% if a bank allows for such a percentage.
The premise of the scheme is great but the way home prices are going, one will find it hard to find a home between that price range in the major urban centres of Malaysia.
It should be possible to find homes priced in that range in the rural and smaller towns in the country, but not in the major urban centres of the country.
The plight of the young or those with a salary of up to RM3,000 a month over housing needs will exacerbate as urban migration rises.
In 2009, according to Unicef, 71% of the population in Malaysia was urbanised but those flocking to the large and expensive cities will rise even further as the economy develops, more so as services widen its gap with manufacturing as the engine of growth.
The other issue is the rising cost of living.
Let's say a person working in Kuala Lumpur earning just under RM3,000 a month wants to buy a house costing RM220,000. If he or she is lucky to find such a house and is charged 4% interest over a period of 30 years, the person will have to pay around RM1,050 a month in house repayments.
Knowing that houses costing that much would be a long way out, a person would most probably need to own his or her own vehicle and factor the cost of vehicle ownership, utilities and the ever-rising cost of food. He or she will do well to balance his ledger at the end of every month.
The best solution, as I have said before, is for the federal and state governments to actually build homes costing that much in the major urban centres for the public to buy because I don't think there is a private sector developer in town who will be willing to sell homes at that price.
Deputy news editor Jagdev Singh Sidhu wonders if it's even possible for a higher middle income family to afford a second house in Kuala Lumpur
KUALA LUMPUR: The rise in residential property prices is still manageable and measures such as the My First Home Scheme will allow those in the lower-income brackets to own homes.
“We're watching the increase in property prices closely which we think is still manageable,” he said, adding that the My First Home Scheme, which was launched on Tuesday for those earning less than RM3,000 a month, was a people-friendly measure to enable the lower income groups to own houses.
Those who qualify for the scheme can obtain 100% financing to buy their first home with a repayment period of 30 years for houses costing between RM100,000 and RM220,000.
Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak and Tan Sri Dr Zeti Akhtar Aziz at the press briefing.
Najib added that the Government was also looking into the supply side of housing to see if measures had to be taken to build more residential properties around the RM200,000 level.
According to data released by the Valuation and Property Services Department, the national house price index rose 6.2% year-on-year in the third quarter of 2010 after rising 6.2% in the second quarter and 5.7% in the first quarter.
Najib said any new issues of Islamic bank licences and foreign banks looking to increase their shareholding in local banks would be looked at on “merit” and on a “case-by-case” basis.
He said last week during a visit to Australia that the Government was open to allowing Australia & New Zealand Banking Group Ltd (ANZ) raise its stake in AMMB Holdings Bhd, which owns AmBank (M) Bhd. Currently the limit for foreign shareholding in local commercial banks is 30%. ANZ has a 26.59% stake in AMMB, making the Australian bank the single largest shareholder.
Najib said the foreign shareholding limit for banks here would be reviewed individually and there would not be any changes to the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 because this was an “administrative issue”. So far, there has been no proposal by ANZ to raise the bank's stake in AMMB and other foreign banks have also not applied.
Meanwhile, Najib said the economy was expected to grow by 5% to 6% this year but would face challenges due to slower global growth, which would affect external demand.
He said the challenges were from higher crude oil prices, inflation and the sovereign debt crisis in the euro-zone.
“We'll monitor these developments closely and take the necessary steps,” Najib said. He added that several interim measures would have to be taken to support private consumption and investment should energy prices continue to rise to a “critical point”.
However, Najib said the Government was committed to long-term subsidy rationalisation, although on a gradual basis, with savings from the lower subsidy to go to those in the lower-income brackets.
PETALING JAYA: Former Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad is unconcerned about possible lawsuits over his memoirs.
Dr Mahathir said he was driven to tell the truth in his autobiography A Doctor in the House. “There will be those who will not be satisfied.
“If they want to sue, sue lah,” he quipped after launching the book at Mid Valley Megamall yesterday.
Dr Mahathir said he had kept its publication a secret until the launch date to avoid a possible court injunction to stop its release.
“I want people to read it. Whatever they think of it is their prerogative,” he said.
It took him eight years to write the autobiography, he said. “I did not type. I used long hand.”
Dr Mahathir said during his tenure as Prime Minister, he was described as a dictator.
“(In the autobiography) I tried to prove that I am not. But some people will still feel otherwise,” he said. To a question, Dr Mahathir said that through his biography, he wanted to deliver the message that it was not impossible to achieve anything when one is willing to learn.
“I was a commoner, I was not trained in the field of administration, economics or finance. But you can learn if you want to learn. The best reward is not monetary gains but the results of your effort,” he said.
Dr Mahathir also took a swipe at Opposition leader Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim whom he accused had claimed credit for certain things.
“He (Anwar) is claiming that the setting up of UIA (International Islamic University Malaysia) was his idea,” he said.
On his next project, Dr Mahathir said he would look into rewriting The Malay Dilemma. “When they (the Malays) were poor they were in a dilemma. When they are rich, there is a bigger dilemma,” he said.
PETALING JAYA: Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad never thought he would ever become prime minister. While he harboured dreams of becoming so, he felt that the odds were stacked against him: he was nothing like the previous PMs, who were all lawyers and were either of royal blood, like Tunku Abdul Rahman, or from elite families, like Tun Abdul Razak and Tun Hussein Onn.
“I, on the other hand, was a commoner, the son of a former schoolteacher ...” he writes in A Doctor in the House, his long-awaited autobiography which was launched yesterday.
In his preface, Dr Mahathir states: “This is the story of Malaysia as I see it. This is also my story.” And what a story it is.
It is vintage Dr Mahathir, written in a simple, straightforward style with deprecating, yet occasionally sly humour. At the launch, he was asked about the title and he quipped:
A leader's story: The cover of the much-anticipated autobiography.
“Well, I considered calling it ‘Mahathir the Napoleon’ or ‘Mahathir the Great” or ‘Mahathir the Magnificent’ – like Suleiman the Great (the longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to 1566).
“But I decided against hyperbole as that was not the right way to go.” To him, he was first and foremost a doctor, whether he was caring for his patients or the country, hence the title.
Below are excerpts from the early chapters of A Doctor in the House. MEDICINE was not considered the best qualification for a Prime Minister.
I was also a rebel and a troublemaker. I had no protector. I was expelled from Umno in 1969 for daring to criticise the Tunku.
This alone should have ended my political career. My political salvation came from Tun Razak, who overlooked my behaviour with the Tunku and smoothed my way up by making me a full Minister after I won a seat in the 1974 General Election.
When he died in 1976, my only protector was gone. I have often wondered why he (Tun Hussein 0nn) chose me to be his deputy. He knew very little about me personally.
I believe he did not have much of a choice when picking his deputy, and perhaps Tun Razak’s views still exerted some influence.
As he once told me, Tun Razak advised him to call me if he ever needed help. My own relationship with Tun Hussein, however, was sometimes strained.
He rejected a number of my suggestions and was not pleased that I had ventured to offer them. Increasingly frustrated, I stopped putting forward ideas, I did not want to annoy him and jeopardise my chances of becoming Prime Minister.
Then in 1981, Tun Hussein suddenly informed the Cabinet that he was going to the United Kingdom for treatment for his heart condition.
The operation was successful but Tun Hussein remained unwell when he returned home. One day in mid-1981, he told me that he could not carry on and wanted to step down. I was to take over from him. – from “Becoming Prime Minister”
WHILE my father stressed general education, my mother insisted that her children learn the teachings of Islam early in life.
I was closer to my mother than to my father and as a result, she shaped my personality more. She taught me the values that I have upheld throughout my life, especially to be modest and not boastful about what I have done.
Through teaching me to be modest, my mother also handed down the values of tolerance and respect. My parents were very close.
They did not demonstrate their affection for each other as it was unbecoming to do so, but I knew they loved each other very much.
I cannot imagine what growing up in a polygamous family would have been like. Surely, in such a situation, bitterness would eat at the heart of the household. I would never dream of taking another wife and causing (Tun Dr Siti) Hasmah and my children anguish and pain.
Just as I drew moral instruction from my father and mother, my children have also drawn moral guidance from me. Or so I hope. – from “Family Values”
I HAD set my heart on studying law because I enjoyed debating. But when I finally received a scholarship, it was to study medicine in Singapore.
At college, I found myself among mostly Chinese and Indian students as Malays made up only 10 per cent of the 70-odd students.
The non-Malay students were brilliant, each having entered with a minimum of 6 As. I believe that, with my 3 As, I gained entry partly due to the fact that the Government of the Malayan Union wanted some Malay students to take up medicine.
Once, in Physics class, I tried to help a Chinese student by explaining how to carry out a particular experiment. He ignored what I said and turned to another student, probably because he did not trust my grasp of the subject.
That semester was my first, and I topped the class in Physics. The snooty student failed the first-year examinations and had to leave.
College was not only about examinations and student issues. Of the seven Malay students in our batch, one was a girl named Hasmah, who wore her hair in two pigtails.
Eventually, she asked whether I could help her with some of her lessons. This would prove near-fatal to our friendship. I was a very impatient young man, and I simply could not understand why she was unable to follow my explanations.
There were times when she and I would lose our tempers, but it was very nice when we made up. We grew very close, Hasmah and I.
We were only able to get married nine years after we met. One of the dresses that Hasmah wore (at the wedding) was a traditional Chinese dress fashioned after those worn by the Chinese concubines of the Sultan of Malacca.
I teased Hasmah mercilessly after that about being my own concubine. – from “Going to Medical College” I WAS quite a popular doctor and the number of my patients - Chinese, Malays and Indians - kept increasing.
As the years passed, I found myself stuck in my clinic the whole day and long after other people had gone home. My world seemed to only consist of nights.
One unattractive aspect of a doctor’s career is obvious but rarely mentioned - most of the people I came into contact with were sick. Some were dying, and some died in front of me during treatment.
A close friend died one day of a heart attack and I was called in to certify his death. I was so affected by his death that I wept silently. I generally feel very strongly about things. Even today when something affects me, I get a tight feeling in my chest and my voice breaks. This happens frequently when I talk or even think of the Malays and their failures.
I get emotional and my tears well up. Ironically, I have a reputation for being tough, even ruthless. Maybe I am. If one wants to get things done one must be single-minded and determined. When I was Prime Minister, I wanted to redeem the honour of the Malays, Malaysians and Malaysia.
From the beginning I knew that it would require a great sense of purpose and a willingness to fend off all challenges.
It must have been those qualities that made me seem hard and uncompromising when I was Prime Minister, for nobody can succeed in politics if they do not have a tough skin.
What I did not want to show was how easily touched I was by tragedy and human suffering. – from “An Alliance is Born” 2. Dr M and the new dilemma
The second and final part of excerpts from Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad’s instant best-seller – more than 10,000 copies sold since its launch – reveals his views and feelings on some key people and events.
PETALING JAYA: When he was Prime Minister, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was exciting to interview. He almost always had an opinion on everything – which made great copy and headlines.
That still holds true with his autobiography, A Doctor in the House, as the following excerpts show. > I am a Malay and proud of it. There are many reasons why I state this so strongly and boldly.
Stereotypes will always persist, even in the most progressive and educated societies. But a good leader does not let them go unchallenged. Every time when, as Prime Minister, I made a mistake or an unpopular decision, people were ready with their “dim-witted Malay” slurs. But when I made good decisions, it was always because I had Indian blood. I wanted to prove otherwise: that Malays were more than capable of thinking, progressing and leading. – Chapter 3: I Am A Malay
> Most Malays have come to think that the affirmative action instituted by the Government in the NEP is a recognition of their “superior” position as the indigenous people of this country. This is the new Malay dilemma. Do we take the bull by the horns and tell (the) Malays the truth, or do we refrain for fear of losing their political support?
Now, what we appear to have is a new culture of indigenous entitlement. Far from supporting professional Malay capabilities and competitiveness, it dampens the desire to strive. – from Chapter 18: The Malay Dilemma
> It is bizarre that many Malays seem to think that Malay reserve land is a recognition of their being “masters” of the country. This is disgraceful. The Native Americans of the US do live on reserves but no one regards it as a privilege. Indeed, it is an open acknowledgement on how they cannot compete with other Americans.
The Malay Reserve Laws should be nothing more than an interim measure, and at best, temporary crutches.
- Chapter 20: Into the Deep End
Life account: Dr Mahathir at the launch of his autobiography at Mid Valley
> Lee (Kuan Yew) and I had a civil relationship, but it was never a friendship. In the period until Singapore left Malaysia in 1965, I had numerous brushes with him in the Dewan Rakyat. His demeanour usually seemed condescending and he appeared to want to deliver lectures to the House on what it and Government should do. I listened carefully at first, but I got tired of his style of delivery. He adopted the didactic tone of a know-all schoolmaster, telling us all what we should do and pointing out all the “mistakes” we were making. – Chapter 14: The Bitter Thrill of Politics
> Talking to Lee Kuan Yew was a one-sided affair. His style of conversation, like his manner of addressing the Malaysian Parliament when he was a member, was to lecture his listeners about what was right and what was wrong. But during our discussion, I came to realise that he did not know all that much, especially on technological matters. I remember one occasion when he mentioned that he had just come across a new process of desalination. But it was not new at all and had been used generally for years.
Our relationship then was proper, professionally appropriate for political opponents, but never very friendly. Still, as Prime Minister, I worked hard at trying to resolve our various problems with Singapore but found them unresponsive. – Chapter 32: Realigning Malaysia in the World
> On the eve of my operation (a bypass following a heart attack in January 1989), a phone call came from Lee Kuan Yew. He was very concerned. He asked (Tun Siti) Hasmah to persuade me to postpone the operation because he had a medical team ready to fly to Kuala Lumpur, with the well-known cardiac surgeon Dr Victor Chang, a Singaporean living in Australia, to do the surgery. But Hasmah said I had already made up my mind (to have the bypass done by Malaysian doctors). She thanked him.
Apparently, Lee also contacted Tun Daim Zainuddin to ask him to intercede. Despite our many differences throughout the years, I appreciated Lee’s concern. – Chapter 43: Matters of the Heart
> The Europeans made the bizarre decision not to provide arms to the Bosnians (during the Bosnia-Herzegovina conflict in the 1990s) on the grounds that, should the Bosnians be able to defend themselves, more people would be killed. Apparently it was better if only Bosnians were killed. This, we thought, was morally wrong. So we decided to provide them with some light weapons.
That may have contravened United Nations orders but at this point, the Bosnians had no means to defend themselves. Other Muslim countries also provided aid, but to this day Bosnians still think that Malaysia was the country that helped them the most. – Chapter 32: Realigning Malaysia in the World
> Soon after I retired, I was to disagree with the way the (International Trade and Industry) Ministry was giving out APs (Approved Permits) to those I suspected were not conducting legitimate car businesses. This led to a falling out between me and the then Minister Tan Sri Rafidah Aziz.
In all fairness, she was very good at what she did and was promoted to the post precisely because of her ability to perform. But she was intolerant of criticism, and unlike most Malays, not afraid of being blunt. During Cabinet meetings, nobody dared to criticise her because they were wary of the heated arguments that would invariably follow. (Her) retort was always to point out how much worse you yourself were. It was all very unpleasant.
For my part, I kept her in the Cabinet because she was an able negotiator and wasn’t afraid of anybody. Because of this, she was able to obtain favourable terms for Malaysia in many trade agreements. Not without reason did those on the international trade scene call her “Rapid Fire Rafidah”. – Chapter 23: From Education to International Trade and Industry
> (As Education Minister) I was very much involved in getting Malay to be used as the main medium of instruction in schools. I believed that a common language can contribute to nation-building, a sense of identity and unity among people of all races. But when we switched to Malay, most Malays came to think very misguidedly that English was irrelevant. These days, most of our Malay-educated graduates cannot speak or write even a simple sentence in clear, correct English. – Chapter 21: Up the Political Ladder
> I have come in for a lot of condemnation by Malay language nationalists and there were many calling for Science and Mathematics to be taught in Malay again. The Government resisted, acceding to that political pressure for a time but on 8 July, 2009, Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin announced the Cabinet decision to revert to teaching the subjects in Bahasa Malaysia in 2012. I believe this is a mistake.
Apart from the employability of the graduates, there is also the problem of bringing schoolchildren of different races together. Ever since the English-language schools were converted to National Schools, most Chinese and Indian students ceased to mix with Malay students. Public universities draw students from all the communities, but on the campus they do not integrate. The Islamic Studies faculties have discouraged Malays from mixing with non-Malays in the hostels, suggesting that contact or even close proximity with non-Muslims is polluting.
Malaysians cannot live within their racial compartments. In a multi-racial society, it is important that they become familiar with one another while still young. If the schools cannot do this, then our universities should. If they don’t, then it will never happen. – Chapter 58: Education
> Lawyers and the foreign Press regarded the removal of (the five Supreme Court) judges as proof that I had undermined the independence of the Judiciary. However, the removals were done in the manner prescribed by the Constitution.
Because I view certain actions by certain lawyers (particularly those involved in politics) with some animosity, people often assume that what I have done in public life that touched on legal issues has been motivated to get back at the legal community. The trouble with this view is that it simply happens to be wrong.
I have criticised doctors, even though I am one. My criticism of the Malays is well-known. It does not mean I hate them. I always believe that when something is done which is wrong, someone needs to tell the person concerned. – Chapter 42: The Judiciary
> Anwar is an undeniably charismatic man and he knows how to get people to support him. All that I had done for Anwar in the past has been brushed aside. I was seen as having victimised him and throwing him in jail, as if there were no trial. Whenever my name is mentioned in a book or article, I am described as the Prime Minister who threw his deputy into jail. The fact that he was properly charged and tried in court is never mentioned.
I am a forgiving person by nature, and I rehabilitated the careers of many people who tried to undermine me politically. I even named one of them as my successor after Anwar was sacked as Deputy Prime Minister.
But I find it difficult to forgive Anwar for demonising me in the eyes of the whole world. Anwar should have been the Prime Minister of Malaysia today. But if he is not, it is because of his own actions. He left me no choice but to remove him and I did what I thought was best for the country. I may have made many mistakes, but removing Anwar was not one of them. – Chapter 53: Anwar’s Challenge
> Putrajaya is a beautiful, functional city. When I visited the Versailles Palace outside Paris I heard the guide proudly extol its beauty. But when the Sun King Louis XIV built it, the people of Paris had no bread to eat. When we built Putrajaya, Malaysians had full stomachs. It was not built at the cost of neglecting their needs. It expressed the people ’s own pride, not their leader’s vanity. – Chapter 51: Putrajaya
> Throughout my tenure, I tried hard to establish certain standards. Firstly, I did not encourage the adulation and excessive glorification that is often given to leaders. I was determined that there would be no personality cult. I gave instructions that my official picture should not be displayed in government buildings, although this was widely ignored. To date, nothing has been named after me, except an orchid. – Chapter 59: Resignation
> Hoping to lead by example, I practised the values we promoted and resisted any attempts to corrupt me. It involved controlling greed. As Prime Minister I was already receiving an adequate salary but the Government also provided me with comfortable accommodation, paid my electricity and water bills, gave me cars and aircraft for my trips and allowances for my travels.
I had everything and I did not need anything more. But of course my detractors still considered me corrupt. However, my conscience is clear. – Chapter 28: Bersih, Cekap, Amanah
Singapore's Lee retracts controversial Muslim remarks
By Sapa-dpa
Singapore state founder Lee Kuan Yew retracted controversial remarks on the city-state's Malay Muslim community, says news reports.
Statement on integration 'outdated'
Lee Kuan Yew Photograph by: REUTERS/
Tim Chong Credit: REUTERS
In a book launched in January, Lee is quoted as saying that multiracial Singapore was making good progress "until the surge of Islam came". He described Muslims as "distinct and separate," and called on them to "be less strict on Islamic observances" for better social integration.
But in a statement carried by state media on Tuesday, Lee said those views were "out of date," noting that he made the comments published in the book "probably two or three years ago".
He said ministers and legislators had told him that, especially after the terrorist attacks in New York on September 11, 2001, "Singapore Malays have indeed made special efforts to integrate with the other communities."
"I stand corrected. I hope that this trend will continue in the future," said the 87-year-old, who serves as a minister mentor in the cabinet of his son, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.
Government leaders have distanced themselves from the elder Lee's controversial remarks, and have praised Muslims' efforts to integrate.
With general elections widely expected to be called before June, the government has been eager not to alienate Muslims, who represent around 15 per cent of the island state's population of five million.
Starks: The new facility uses environmentally beneficial technologies.
By DAVID TAN davidtan@thestar.com.my
Hi-tech medical boost for Penang
Simulation centre to train docs from Asia Pacific
PENANG will serve as a hub to train physicians from the Asia Pacific region on new medical technologies next year when the Advanced Technology Centre at St Jude Medical Inc facility in Bayan Lepas starts operations.
Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng said the centre would be equipped with a wet laboratory and state-of-the-art computers that could provide simulation of the human anatomy system to train the physicians.
He said the funding for the centre would come from the US$300mil planned by St Jude Medical for the 300,000sq ft facility in Penang.
According to a Global Business Intelligence research report, the global cardiovascular market was expected to hit US$415bil in 2016, driven by the increase of cardiovascular diseases, Lim added.
“Equipped with the CE Mark approval certification, St Jude Medical has started shipping out its pacemakers and other devices to the company’s distribution centre in Sweden,” he told a press conference after opening St Jude Medical’s new facility at the Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone yesterday.
Lim said the company planned to invest more than US$300mil into the Penang plant over the next five years to be used for infrastructure, wages, and capital.
He said the plant, which was now employing 150 workers, was expected to create about 2,000 jobs in the next five years.
St Jude Medical chairman Daniel Starks said the new facility incorporated environmentally beneficial technologies.
“One such environmentally friendly feature is a rain harvesting system which will use ‘grey water’ to water plants.
“This will save about 200,000 gallons of city water annually based on occupation of the building,” he added.
Headquartered in Minnesota, St Jude Medical develops medical technology and services that focus on putting more control into the hands of those who treat cardiac, neurological and chronic pain patients worldwide.
Its products include implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) devices, pace-makers, electrophysiology catheters, mapping and visualisation systems, vascular closure devices, heart valve replacement and repair products, spinal cord stimulation and deep brain stimulation devices.
St Jude Medical to invest US$300mil in Penang facility
GEORGE TOWN: St Jude Medical Inc plans to spend US$300mil on its new manufacturing facility in Penang over the next five years.
St Jude Medical chairman and president Daniel Starks said the investment would be for infrastructure, capital and wages in Penang, which would create about 2,000 jobs.
He was speaking after the launching of the new plant in Bayan Lepas by Penang Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng,
Starks said the investment would include the funding for an advanced technology centre, which was expected to be operational next year.
The company had invested about US$67mil in the manufacturing facility.
“The centre will bring in physicians from Asia Pacific and train them on the latest development in medical technology from St Jude Medical.
“The centre would use virtual reality technology to train the physicians,” he said.
Starks added that the Penang manufacturing facility would initially produce products for the company's cardiac rhythm management division.
“The CE mark approval, the required endorsement for selling products in Europe, for the manufacture of pacemakers and leads, was awarded in January and the first Accent pacemakers made in Malaysia have already been provided to physicians.
“In addition to pacemakers and leads, St Jude Medical plans to expand production to include additional products such as implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) over the next several years,” he said.
Headquartered in Minnesota, St Jude Medical develops medical technology and services that focus on putting more control into the hands of those who treat cardiac, neurological and chronic pain patients worldwide.
Its products include ICDs, cardiac resynchronisation therapy devices, pacemakers, electrophysiology catheters, mapping and visualisation systems, etc.
The company reported net sales of US$1.3bil in the fourth quarter of 2010 ended Jan 1, 2011, an increase of 12% over the US$1.2bil in the fourth quarter of 2009. Net sales in 2010 were US$5.165bil compared with US$4.681bil in 2009, an increase of 10%.
PETALING JAYA: Malaysia's household debt rose at a rapid rate of 11.1% per annum from 2004 to 2009, and from RM516.6bil at end-2009, it climbed by 8.4% to RM560.1bil as at end-August 2010, said CIMB Research.
The household debt to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio increased from 66.7% in 2004 to 76% in 2009 but is estimated to ease to 74.6% at end-2010.
The rapid growth of household borrowings is causing some worries that the excessive leveraging by households may make the economy and financial sector more vulnerable to instability and crisis.
HwangDBS Vickers banking analyst Lim Sue Lin said that the increase in household debt was also due to the cheap housing loans in the market over the last one to two years.
“What's heartening is that the balance sheets of our local banks are strong enough, and the default rates are low. In fact, mortgage non-performing loans (NPLs) are at an all-time low,” she said.
As at December 2010, mortgage NPLs stood at 3.3%. Its highest level was at 8.6% or about RM14bil in 2006. Since March 2007, this figure has been trending down.
Last year, in a bid to control appreciating property prices, the central bank increased the loan to value cap ratio to 70% for the third and subsequent mortgage loans. This move was applauded by economists and analysts as it was basically the central bank's way of curbing speculation.
“With banks requiring to set aside higher risk weights of 100% (from 75%) for mortgages with loan-to-value above 90%, this implies that banks would need to be more vigilant in utilising their capital. However, we think that if banks are still able to secure good quality mortgage loans with minimal credit cost issues, they may continue to give out mortgages at 90% loan to value,” added Lim.
Certainly, rising property prices have fanned an increase in borrowings. The share of household loans to total bank loans rose from 35.2% in 2000 to 55.5% as at end-August 2010. Mortgage debt accounts for 48.5% of total household loans currently.
Another banking analyst said that while the household debt level was high, Malaysians also had a very high savings rate, at about 35% of GDP.
“Bank Negara's control of the mortgage market is its way of controlling household debt. Thus, this should not dampen the sentiment of the market as the authorities are mindful and pre-emptive of this situation,” said this banking analyst.
CIMB head of economics Lee Heng Guie said the various financial indicators indicated that Malaysia's household balance sheet remained healthy with financial assets' coverage of total debt at 2.5 times, the liquid financial assets to debt ratio remained strong at 148.6%, and the non-performing loans ratio was low at 3.1% vs 8.5% in 2004.
“The strong balance sheet enabled the household sector to continue servicing its debt despite the rise of the debt service ratio to 49.2% in 2009 (38.4% in 2004),” said Lee.
As at end-August 2010, mortgage loans accounted for 48.5% of total household loans and 26.9% of total bank loans, followed by motor vehicle financing (25.9% of total household loans).
Credit card lending accelerated 16.4% per annum in 2000 to August 2010, pushing its share of total household loans from 5% in 2000 to 6.1% currently.
“Credit card lending now totals RM28.6bil or 3.4% of total bank loans. This means that higher interest rates would cause real hardship for those with large mortgages,” said Lee.
He added that on the demand side, the rapid build-up of household debt stemmed from changing demographics, strong economic growth, a steady rise in incomes and low interest rates.
On a cautionary note, Lee said that excessive household indebtedness not only raised concerns over its sustainability but also posed a risk to the financial system.
“High levels of household debt may also constrain the effectiveness of monetary policy as it heightens the sensitivity of households' behaviour to changes in interest rates,” he added.
Asia Alone: The Dangerous Post-Crisis Divide from America 
